...............18.............
Flashmag March 2019 www.flashmag.net
The more rigorous Islamist ideology seeks to reform both the mode of society and the style of government, which is inspired more by the autocratic and dictatorial notion legitimized by a liberticidal interpretation of the Koran.
Modern, political Islam was born in the context of colonization. In the second half of the nineteenth century, Muslim reformists such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani (1838-1897) and Muhammad 'Abduh (1849-1905) drew on the sacred texts to cope with the superiority of the technicism of the West, and counter its universalist ambition.
Through an effort to reinterpret the Islamic heritage, these thinkers strove to revive and mobilize the Muslim community. They initiated a revival of Islamic culture, literature, law, economic practices and social and societal practices, with the aim of finding an alternative to the state and the lifestyle of Westerners (see Theo Blanc: Political Islam)
Political Islam is a generic name for all ideological currents, which aim at the establishment of a state based on the principles of Islam, be it at the scale of a country, or the entire Muslim community (umma). In general, it is a synonym for Islamism, which insists more on the political characterization of these
movements than on their strictly religious aspect. Muslim proselytism in this sense is more or less related to the creation of states under Muslim domination, to oppose Christian states of the West. The Islamic Republic of Iran of Imam Khomeini, which emerged after the fall of the Shah monarchy of Iran in 1979, is strictly intertwined in the Islamic faith of the Shia movement. While its great Sunni opponent in Saudi Arabia is a monarchy that finds its legitimacy in the Wahhabi clergy who even has a police force to enforce the laws emanating from its liberticidal ideology.
Olivier Roy, believes that Islamist ideologies strive to constitute the Muslim community in political entities, exceeding or ignoring political and ethnic divisions. But the contemporary history of Islamist political movements shows that they develop in the context of nations states that they contribute to anchor in the collective psychology and geostrategy of the Middle East. While failing to create new state entities, Islamists are content to simply influence existing entities, including by using democratic modes of accession to power, as was the case in Algeria in 1990 with the Islamic front of salvation. More recently, the attempt to create an Islamic State by the Salafist movement of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi between the summer of 2014 and the winter of 2017 resulted from the destabilization of Iraq and Syria by Western troops. The destruction of these states would have allowed Daesh to create a new entity, but the Islamic State turned out to be a Trojan horse used by Westerners in their Middle East, Zionist and mineral resources control agendas.
One of the major tools of political Islam is the Muslim Brotherhood (MB), a pan-Islamist organization founded in 1928 by Hassan el-Banna, with the aim of an Islamic renaissance, the fight against Western influence, secularism and the establishment of an Islamic state based on the principles of Sharia law. The Muslim Brotherhood, which is inspired much by the modes of operation of Western Freemasonry because Hassan El Banna would have been Freemason, has always been quoted in the political turmoil ravaging the Middle East